Hi Friends!!!
Nanorobots is one of the
emerging technologies in the field of healthcare. As it is important for us to
be update with latest technologies, here we are going to learn about
Nanorobots.
Let’s get into the topic.
WHAT ARE NANOROBOTS?
The Nanorobots or Nanobots was invented by Adriano
Cavalcanti. The nanorobots are made of components which are at the size of
nanometer. These nanorobots are programmed to carry out a specific task.
When it comes to healthcare, nanorobots have just
started to create a revolution. The scientists predict that in 10 years
injecting nanorobots into our bloodstream will become a common practice to
improve our health condition.
Image Courtesy: analyticinsight.net
HOW ARE NANOBOTS MADE?
The nanobots can be made using materials like
proteins, polynucleotides and other inorganic materials like metals,
diamond. The properties of nanobots
surface plays a key role in determining the solubility of nanobots and its
level of interaction with other macromolecules and cell surfaces. The size of
nanobots has its contribution in the motion of nanobots towards a desired
direction.
The nanobots in healthcare needs to do two specific
tasks. One is identifying a specific targeting tissue and other is travelling
towards that specific tissue. To perform these function, the nanobots ideally
consists of a transporting mechanism, sensors, internal processor and fuel
unit.
The sensors are used to identify a specific targeted
tissue. It might be a chemical sensor, biological sensor, thermal sensor,
optical sensor, magnetic sensor, mechanical sensor. The biological sensors
detect the presence of specific tissues based on the biological reaction
between the cells.
The transporting mechanism uses a propulsion equipment
in nanobots which consists of miniature nanomotors and fuel unit to keep the
nanobots alive till the completion of intended activity.
These transporting mechanism derives energy from
reactions in the medium, electricity, acoustic and magnetic fields. The
direction and speed of nanobots can also be controlled by external computers
with the use of super conducting magnets. And the internal processor is used to
coordinate all these activities as per the set programmable standards.
The MRI can be used to visualize the movement of
nanobots inside human body.
NANOROBOTS IN CANCER TREATMENT
The use of nanorobots in cancer treatment has giving a
hope for cancer patients and healthcare professionals all around the world in
treating the deadly disease. Cancer is caused due to uncontrolled dividing of
cells. The current treatment available is usage of chemotherapy to stop
dividing of cells. But one of the disadvantages of chemotherapy is that it can
also affect nearby good cells.
This is a
scenario where nanobots comes into play. The nanobots exactly targets the
specific cancer cells.
The nanorobots after entering into the human
bloodstream, identifies and travels near the cancerous tumours. Then the
nanobots delivers the blood clotting drugs near the blood vessels entering the
group of tumor cells. The blood clotting drugs cuts off the blood entering into
the tumour cells thereby helping to shrink the tumour cells and decreasing
their spread.
In 2018, researchers also tested this technique in mice. They were successful in reducing cancer cells by cutting of the blood supply into the cancer cells using nanobots.
OTHER HEALTHCARE ADVANCEMENTS OF NANOBOTS
The nanobots are supposed to completely replace the
usage of pacemaker in treating the heart conditions in future. This can be
possible, because of their miniature nature the nanobots can work of years
inside human body without any wear and tear.
Here is one of the most futuristic idea. Research is
happening to trace the brain signals using nanobots. Researchers are looking
for possible ways to drop nanobots inside the brain using minimally invasive
surgery.
Research is going on to use nanobots as artificial red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
Now I hope you have acquired some knowledge about
Nanorobots. We will meet again with another valuable healthcare topic.
NOTE: Dear friends!!!... Please do comment a topic related to Biomedical, so that we can discuss it in future blogs.
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