Friday, August 7, 2020

Glucometer

Hi friends!!!

In our previous blog, we have discussed about cochlear implants. Please check out for the link given below.

Cochlear Implant


In today's blog we are going to discuss about glucometer.


Monitoring Blood glucose level has become a routine in a diabetic patients life. And glucometer plays a vital role in doing so. Therefore it is important for every common people and healthcare professionals to know about glucometer.


Let's get into the topic.


WHAT IS

GLUCOMETER?

The glucometer is used to identify the level of glucose in the blood. The glucometer is a hand held device that tells whether blood glucose level is high, low or right on the target value. The glucometer uses test strips to measure blood glucose level.


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WHAT IS THE NEED TO

MEASURE BLOOD GLUCOSE

LEVEL?

Maintaining optimum level of glucose in blood is a job of pancreas in our body. Pancreas secrete glucagon and insulin, it also maintains them at a value of approximately 100 ,milligrams per deciliter of blood. If our pancreas does not able to fulfill its function, our body will not be able to secrete insulin and maintain optimum blood glucose level. So it is important to manually  check blood glucose levels periodically and inject ourselves with insulin to maintain blood glucose level.


WHAT IS THE

TECHNOLOGY OF

GLUCOMETER?

The glucometer works based on electrochemical technology. The test strips of glucometer consists of an enzyme called glucose oxidase. Glucose oxidase reacts with glucose in the blood droplets applied on the test strips and forms gluconic acid. There is a another chemical in the test strip called ferricyanide. These gluconic acid reacts with ferricyanide to form ferrocyanide. Now glucometer passes electric current onto the test strips.The electric current reads the ferrocyanide and determine the blood glucose level.


WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF

GLUCOMETERS?


The following are the types of glucometers

INVASIVE OR SELF MONITORING

GLUCOMETER

Invasive glucometer is the most common types of glucometers used as home based glucometer. It uses test strips with blood droplets to measure blood glucose level.

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ADVANTAGES

1. Invasive glucometer is portable, cheap cost of device and easy to use.

DISADVANTAGE

1. Additional cost of buying test strips frequently.

2. Pain during finger pricks.


NON INVASIVE GLUCOMETR

The non invasive glucometer measure blood glucose levels without the use of blood droplets. The non invasive glucometer is sensor based and measures glucose levels on the blood rich areas of the skin. Now a days sweat based blood glucose monitors are available.

ADVANTAGES

1. No additional cost of buying test strips.

2. No pain during finger pricks.

DISADVANTAGES

1. External factors may affect sensor reading.

 

CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORS

In continuous glucose monitors, a sensor is implanted under the abdominal skin to measure glucose readings 24 hours a day. To ensure the accuracy of the sensor, we still need to do finger prick tests daily with invasive glucometer. They are used to measure glucose levels during various routine activities of diabetic patients life. Example: During exercising, sleeping, playing etc. 

ADVANTAGE

1. This type of glucometer can take time based readings.

2. We can get better interpretation of glucose levels.

DISADVANTAGE

1. It needs minimally invasive surgery to implant the sensor under the skin.


WHAT ARE THE FEATURES

TO LOOK OUT IN 

GLUCOMETER?

1. Availability of mobile app to store test results and track previous results.

2. Bluetooth connectivity to have bluetooth glucose meter to share the test data.

3. No coding facility to use new batch of test strips without calibrating the code.


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WHAT ARE THE 

COMPANIES

MANUFACTURING 

GLUCOMETER?


1. Pulsatom Healthcare – India’s first indigenous glucometer in 1995.

2. Bhat Bio-Tech India (P) Limited, Bangalore.

3.    OK Biotech Co., Ltd, Taiwan.



Now I hope you have acquired some knowledge about glucometer. We will discuss in detail about a topic related to Biomedical Engineering  in our next blog.


NOTE: Dear friends!!! ...Please do comment a topic related to Biomedical, so that we can discuss it in future blogs.


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